Prepare for Outdoors
When the weather is extremely cold, and if thee are high winds, stay indoors. Make any trips outside brief and remember the following tips to protect your health and safety.

Prepare Yourself
Clothing
Adults and children should wear:
  • A hat
  • A scarf or knit mask to cover the face and mouth.
  • Sleeves that are snug at the wrist.
  • Mittens (they are warmer than gloves).
  • A water-resistant coat and boots.
  • Several layers of loose-fitting clothing. Be sure the outer layer of your clothing is tightly woven and wind-resistant to reduce body-heat loss cause by wind. Wool, silk or polypropylene inner layers of clothing will hold more body heat than cotton.
Stay dry - wet clothing chills the body quickly. Sweating increases heat loss, so remove extra layers when you feel too warm.

How to Dress for Wind-Chill Protection
  • Wear loose, lightweight, warm clothing in layers.
  • If you get too hot, remove layers to avoid sweating and getting the chills.
  • Outer garments should be tightly woven, water-repellent and hooded.
  • Wear a hat. (Half your body heat can be lost from the head).
  • Cover your mouth to protect your lungs from extremely cold air.
  • Wear mittens that are snug at the wrist; these are better than gloves.
  • Stay dry.
DO NOT IGNORE SHIVERING. It's an important first sign that your body is losing heat. Go inside.
Exertion
Cold weather puts extra strain on your heart. If you have heart disease or high blood pressure, follow your doctor's advice about shoveling snow or performing other hard work in the cold. If you must do heavy outdoor chores, dress warmly and work slowly. Remember, your body is already working hard just to stay warm, so don't overdo it.

Ice
Walking on ice is extremely dangerous. Many injuries in the winter result from falls on ice-covered sidewalks, steps, driveways and porches. Keep your steps and walkways free of ice by using rock salt or sand.

Prepare Your Car
Have your car serviced as often as the manufacturer recommends.  In addition, every fall, check the following:
  • Antifreeze level:  Make sure there is enough antifreeze to avoid freezing.
  • Battery and Ignition System: These should be in top condition and battery terminals should be clean.
  • Brakes: Check for wear and fluid levels.
  • Exhaust System: Check for leaks and crimped pipes, and repair replace them as necessary.
  • Fuel & Air Filters: Replace them and keep water out of the system by using additives and keeping a full tank of gas. A full tank will prevent the fuel line from freezing.
  • Heater and Defroster: Make sure they work properly.
  • Lights & Flashing Hazard Lights: Make sure all your lights function properly.
  • Oil: Check for level and weight. Heavier oils congeal at low temperatures and do not lubricate as well.
  • Thermostat: Ensure it works properly.
  • Windshield Wiper Equipment: Repair any problems and maintain the proper washer fluid level.
  • Install Good Winter Tires: Make sure the tires have adequate tread. All-weather tires are usually adequate for most winter conditions. However, some jurisdictions require vehicles to be equipped with chains or snow tires with studs to drive on their roads.
Safe Winter Driving
  • Do not drive in low-visibility conditions.
  • Avoid driving on ice-covered roads, overpasses and bridges if possible.
  • Take a cell phone with you.
  • Let someone know your destination and when you expect to arrive.
  • Check the winter emergency supplies in your car.
  • Always carry additional warm clothing with you.
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